![]() ![]() No further stimuli are delivered if the cow stops or turns around. Pre-commercial neckbands (eShepherd®, Agersens, Melbourne, VIC) deliver an audio tone (AT) to the individual cow when it reaches the VF, and this is followed by an electrical pulse (EP) if they continue forward movement. A reduction in the amount of feed allocated to cows may impact on their containment using a virtual fence (VF). 2Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Camden, NSW, Australiaĭairy cattle are offered varying amounts of feed which they deplete through time. ![]() 1Livestock Production and Welfare Group, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Camden, NSW, Australia. ![]()
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